Factors Affecting Separation Effect Of Heavy Medium Cyclone

Date: 2025-04-04     From: Longding     Author: admin

The separation accuracy of the heavy medium cyclone mainly depends on the coordination of its own structural parameters and external operating parameters. The internal structural parameters mainly include the diameter of the heavy medium cyclone, cone ratio, overflow pipe size, underflow port size, etc. The external operating parameters mainly include feed pressure, material characteristics, and suspension stability.

Factors affecting the separation effect of heavy medium cyclone

1. Structural parameters

A. Diameter of heavy medium cyclone

The diameter of the heavy medium cyclone directly affects its processing capacity and separation effect. The processing capacity of the heavy medium cyclone is proportional to the square of the diameter within a certain range. As the diameter of the cyclone increases, the centrifugal coefficient of low-density small-particle materials also decreases, which is not conducive to the separation of low-density materials. If the diameter of the cyclone is too small, the upper limit of the feed of the separation material is limited.

B. Cone ratio of heavy medium cyclone

The cone ratio of a heavy medium cyclone refers to the ratio of the diameter of the underflow port to the overflow port. Studies have shown that after suspensions of the same density enter the cyclone, the separation density is different. The smaller the cone ratio of a heavy medium cyclone, the higher the separation density, and the smaller the cone ratio, the lower the separation density.

C. Diameter of bottom flow outlet

The diameter of the underflow port affects the sorting efficiency and product quality. Reducing the underflow port diameter can increase the sorting density. However, if the underflow port diameter is too small, the material will gather at the underflow port and even block the underflow port, affecting the sorting effect.

D. Overflow port diameter

Increasing the overflow port diameter can increase the axial speed of the heavy medium cyclone, improve the actual sorting density, increase the overflow port flow rate, and increase the concentrate output. However, if the overflow port is too large, the concentrate output will increase and the concentrate quality will be affected. Therefore, a reasonable overflow port diameter should be selected to ensure that the concentrate output and quality are optimized.

2. Operation parameters

A. Feeding pressure

The processing capacity of the heavy medium cyclone is proportional to the square root of the feed pressure within a certain range, so increasing the feed pressure to a certain extent is beneficial to increasing the processing capacity of the cyclone. Therefore, when setting the feed pressure of the heavy medium cyclone, the influence of factors such as material characteristics and feed amount should be fully considered.

B. Material characteristics

Including particle size distribution, shape, humidity, and density. These factors will affect the movement trajectory and sedimentation speed of the material in the cyclone, thus affecting the sorting effect.

C. Feed-to-liquid ratio

As the solid-to-liquid ratio of the heavy medium cyclone increases, the thickness of the material layer in the cyclone increases accordingly. The stratification resistance continues to increase, and the stratification speed decreases accordingly, which is not conducive to improving the sorting effect. Therefore, ensuring a reasonable feed-to-solid ratio is an important basis for ensuring the best sorting effect of the heavy medium cyclone.